if you want to use visual studio, use the new guide here: https://powdertoy.co.uk/Wiki/W/Compiling_tpt%2B%2B_with_Visual_studio.html You will need to restart from scratch except for you already have visual studio installed. The guides aren't really compatible but involve doing a lot of the same things just with newer versions of stuff.

The old guide is mostly there for reference, it even says "old" in the title and the top of the page.

Edit: also the scons guide might be a little easier except for installing a certain program. If you already have visual studio and can follow all the many steps in detail I would just keep using that because it's easier in the end.

Looks like you might have done something wrong on the include directories step (this is the most common problem it seems ...)

Make sure all of these are on a different line:
$(ProjectDir)includes
$(ProjectDir)includes/SDL
$(ProjectDir)includes/lua5.1
$(ProjectDir)data
$(ProjectDir)src
$(ProjectDir)generated

Specifically, the src one might be missing. That wouldn't explain the first error with vector but it might get you closer.

Edit: also I guess we already deleted those files from the source at this point. So you don't need to delete them anymore, i'll remove that from the guide later.